内隐智力：智力研究的新视角

内隐智力是人们在日常生活中形成的关于智力的概念。心理学上关于内隐智力的研究主要集中在内隐智力结构和内隐智力稳定信念两个方面。开展内隐智力的研究有助于推动智力外显理论的出现与发展，有助于理解人们评价智力的方式，有助于阐明智力的跨文化差异，有助于形成对智力结构的完整认识，有助于建立科学心理学与人文心理学的联系。     

基于多层主成分分析的企业竞争力评价

企业竞争力评价方法一直是理论界和实务界的研究热点,也涌现出众多研究成果,但这些方法在操作过程中都存在一定的局限性。在已有研究成果基础上,将多层主成分分析引入10家样本企业的相关指标数据进行评测,发现该方法有其他方法不具有的优势:较客观地确定指标的权值、有利于进行企业间的比较、能有效解决指标多和样本少的矛盾。     

技术创新的社会文化功能解析

技术创新作为一种整合科学、技术、知识与经济等要素的人类实践活动,不但在社会经济系统的变迁上显示了积极的推动作用,而且通过其特有的活动方式作用于社会文化系统,改变着社会物质文化、制度文化、精神文化的面貌.根据默顿的显功能和潜功能的划分,透过技术创新的文化视野,对技术创新所具有的丰富社会文化内涵、实现文化创新的显功能,消解社会文化边界的正面潜功能,引发社会文化危机的负面潜功能进行了全面解析 ,不但有利于全面认识技术创新的功能作用,而且对建立一种新的技术创新文化观也具有重要意义.     

二语习得中的情感屏障

认知和情感是语言教学过程中不可分割的两个方面，解决情感问题有助于提高语言学习效果。通过分析外语课堂中的四种情感因素——焦虑、动机、性格和自尊感，以及它们对外语学习的影响，提出相应的策略以激发学习者的积极情感因素，从而有效提高外语课堂学习效果。     

Love or the Black Sun of Personal Relationships

Previous research about love, in the social‐psychological literature, has focused on the antecedents, or causes, of love. Moreover, within the field of Personal Relationships, love is often regarded as implicitly present, and thus, is not treated directly. Here, we address the possibility of a reversal of this perspective, where love is no longer treated as a dependent variable but as an independent variable. We show that this change is necessary to promote the status of love to that of a reliable object of scientific enquiry. We discuss the differences between scientific and naïve conceptions of love, and the necessity of distinguishingbetween an alleged reality of love and the consequences of the mere idea of love.     

Positive You: a self-advocate’s arts-based approach for building self-esteem

Positive You is an inclusive arts project supporting learning disabled people to explore self-esteem through art-making. The project was developed by self-advocate Leah Jones who observed a gap in service provision after struggling with her own confidence and self-esteem for many years. This article has been co-written by Leah and her support Jade French using a life-story approach. Leah hopes that by sharing her story, this article will not only demonstrate the value of art-making in developing self-esteem, but also that learning disabled people can develop their own employment opportunities with the right support.     

Generating Probabilistic Spatially-Explicit Individual and Population Exposure Estimates for Ecological Risk Assessments

Exposure to chemical contaminants in various media must be estimated when performing ecological risk assessments. Exposure estimates are often based on the 95th-percentile upper confidence limit on the mean concentration of all samples, calculated without regard to critical ecological and spatial information about the relative relationship of receptors, their habitats, and contaminants. This practice produces exposure estimates that are potentially unrepresentative of the ecology of the receptor. This article proposes a habitat area and quality-conditioned exposure estimator, E[HQ], that requires consideration of these relationships. It describes a spatially explicit ecological exposure model to facilitate calculation of E[HQ]. The model provides (1) a flexible platform for investigating the effect of changes in habitat area, habitat quality, foraging area, and population size on exposure estimates, and (2) a tool for calculating E[HQ] for use in actual risk assessments. The inner loop of a Visual Basic program randomly walks a receptor over a multicelled landscape--each cell of which contains values for cell area, habitat area, habitat quality, and concentration--accumulating an exposure estimate until the total area foraged is less than or equal to a given foraging area. An outer loop then steps through foraging areas of increasing size. This program is iterated by Monte Carlo software, with the number of iterations representing the population size. Results indicate that (1) any single estimator may over- or underestimate exposure, depending on foraging strategy and spatial relationships of habitat and contamination, and (2) changes in exposure estimates in response to changes in foraging and habitat area are not linear.     

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

ABSTRACT

This report outlines the components of wiki technology and its possible applications in the human services. Wikis have the potential to manage the detailed internal and external information and knowledge that is ubiquitous in the human services. For example, a wiki would be an ideal tool to store the knowledge of how things actually work in agencies with high staff turnover or many retiring of baby boomers. Wikis offer the opportunity for veteran staff to disseminate their expertise by hyperlinking knowledge about a certain operation to other operations or procedures. Furthermore, since wikis can be updated by all users, the knowledge can be easily and instantly updated as the human services environment changes. Wikis also offer the capacity to track and manage user changes. The report describes a specific external wiki application for capturing and disseminating community referral information.     

Promoting Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem for Multiethnic Sexual Minority Youth: An Evidence-Informed Intervention

ABSTRACT

Sexual minority youth face multiple challenges, yet research regarding evidence-informed practice strategies for this population is limited. This study describes the pilot efforts of Strengths First, the first strengths-based intervention created specifically to promote self-esteem and self-efficacy among multiethnic sexual minority youth. A pretest–posttest design was used to gather preliminary data from program participants (n = 162) about the potential effectiveness of the program during a 2-year period that ranged from the inception of the program in June 2008 to September 2010. Significant increases in self-esteem and self-efficacy were found. Implications for social service research and practice are discussed.